------------------------------------------------------------------- F.A.C.T.Net, Inc. (Fight Against Coercive Tactics Network, Incorporated) a non-profit computer bulletin board and electronic library 601 16th St. #C-217 Golden, Colorado 80401 USA BBS 303 530-1942 FAX 303 530-2950 Office 303 473-0111 This document is part of an electronic lending library and preservational electronic archive. F.A.C.T.Net does not sell documents, it only lends them according to the terms of your library cardholder agreement with F.A.C.T.Net, Inc. ------------------------------------------------------------------- A LOOK AT SCIENTOLOGY 1/10 OF 1% OF SClE~.TOLOGY BY by L. Ron Hubbard, Jr. COPYRiC~T 1972 BY L. F. Oi~ HUBBARD~ JR. '.."~:T'P"D'r='. CALIFCR!IA 90605 P.O. BOX 409L, ..... -'~, 1 As the oldest son of L. Ron Hubbard, the man who started, created and is st~]~ the unquestioned leader of Dianetics and Scientology, I am often asked cert~a questions about Scientology ar~ my father. The most often asked question is whether ScientologT is a con game, or whether it is a sincere movement that has beneDited its followers. People also want to know whether my father really believes in what he's doing, or whether he is a charlatan who has found h~self a good money~Ak~ng proposition. Others want to know if there zs any v~]~dit7 to the machine used by Scientologists c~]~ed an "E-meter~', and whether the Scientology "processing~' or "auditing" techniques have re~]]y helped people? Are there any skeletons in the closet or secrets in my father's past that could account for some of the very unconvention~] basic theories of Dianetics and Scientolcg7 such as the engr~-~ caused by wifebeatLng and abortions? Is there any truth to the ~--~nors that people in Dianetics and Scientolog7 have ended up in a mental institution and that Scientolog7 deliberately breaks up f~m~lies? Is Sciermology ex~ensive, and does the money they take in go to ~ father or for research purposes as he claims? And fLD~] 17, how many of the millions of words my faUh~_- has written on Dianetic/Scientology theory have validity, and how many of ~hem are just more of the fiction and science fiction that he wrote for years before he ever conceived of the idea of Dianetics or ScientoloEF? Before I start my story which answers these .cuestions--probabl7 not 2 entirely to my father' s Liking--i would Like to emphasize that I am not trying to condemn or crucify L. Ron Hubbard. If any blame is to be ascribed for what has occurred, then I must take a portion of the responsibility as well. After all, I spent some of those early years helping b~m to run Dianetics and Scientology and foi~ulate its early theories and practices. Therefore, if Di~-netics and Scientology has been responsible for any mental and physical. deterioration among its followers, some of it is m7 fault as well as his. Although I stopped having anything to d~ with Scientology ten years ago~ and I have not seen my father for thirteen years, I leve him and T know he also feels the same about .me, my ~ife, and the six grandchildren we have given to ~-~. (My eldest son is L. Ron Hubbard LII. ) He sends birthday and Christmas cards to them and Dad and I st~] correspond. I know that if I were to visit i~i~n on ~ls secre~ ship in the Mediterannean ("The A.oollo" where he now Lives and works with a ~large group of advanced Scientolc~ists), I would be one of the few outsiders to be eagerly welcomed there by my father. Fir~ly, I think most psychiatrists would agree that there is no real Oedipal probl~ems here~ all law courts would agree that there is no ml ice. I probably spent `more time with my father from the age of 17 to 25 than do most children with their Dads. Before that, though, I probably than most c~!dren see of their ~athers. Yet he proba- ~er influence on my early life than most Dads have on their mY father is the type of person who effects everything ~ardless of whether hess actually physically present. n~ father influenced (which most fathers have no effect birth would be premature. Although many Scientologists ~ can refer the details of their birth (and ~ome- that happened while ~hey were in the wc-~b), the followcame f~om ~y mother, Margaret Louise Gru~b whom everyone and grandmother, Ledora ~v and not my msmor~. :ad a ve~-~ fiery tsmper and he was not averse to using i as his words in order to en~hasize a point to my ~t before I was born on ~L~y 7, 193~, 8:05 A.M., the two =ious fi&ht after a party, snd although ~y mother was 'e months pregnant, he beat her up. She went into preI was born. ~ that I even survived, for i weighed 2 pounds 2 I ~-as named L. Ron Hubbard, Jr., but immsdiately nickall du.~ing ~ mother's pregnancy, my grandfather kept his Ni~s?" Whm I was born, they sent ~ a telegram ~ born" so it bec~ and still ramins my nickname Although I remember nothing about those early days, I do' remember my father beating up my mother when I was older, although I will say that he never was violent with his cb~] dren. He only spanked me once when I was about 9, and I deserved it because I poured paint into his iced tea as a joke. But the way he treated my mother was another matter. The odd thing is that husbands mistreating their pregnant wives cams to play an important role in Dianetics theory upon which Scientology is based. In 1950, his first major book on Dianetics, "Dianetics: The ~Lodern Science of ~'~ntal Health" which became a best-seller, stated that "engr~" or i~pressions of pain and unconsciousness were the cause of most of our aberrations and problem. These engrams could occur at any t~m~ in our lives, or even at birth, or wh3!e we were a fetus, and incredibly in the past lives we have supposedly. lived through, and many Scie~n_tologists believe that their current problems started in a past ~ ~e, going back as far as 7A tr~ 1 ] ~ on years or more. In Dad' s' first book, though, it was amazing how n~ny of his case studies contained engrams caused by husbands or fathers who beat up wives or mothers while they were pregnant. Well, at least Dianetics and Scientolog~ theory has some basis in truth, even if it is only my father' s truth. The beatings weren't the only thing that ~ade the mar.~lage unhappy. While it did techr~Lcally last for 12 years, it was probably doomed from the begi~ as are most marriages between two fiery, fiercely. individuslistic people; one of whom wants freedom and the other security. They argued about everything, including sex since he was very jealous of her and accused her of being unfaithful, which I don't think was true. Yet in later years he a~tted to me that h__e had often been unfaithful, and as I'll explain shortly, he even married soresone while he was still leg~ ~y married to my mother. Another cause of friction between them was that he claimed that he didn't want ch~ dren, although I was born ons year after their m~riage, and m~ sister Katy arrived less than two years after ms. in addition, he had another cb~d by his second marriage, four by his current one, and now has eight grandc,~hildren in all. If he can ' t "clear the planet"' as he says, at least he 's helped to populate it. But in that first marriage he .felt that children would tie ~i~ down and therein lay the crux of their ~-~ital probl~ems. He wanted to do as he pleased, make as much money as he needed, and spend it however he wanted. But like most v~omen then, she was security ~nded and wanted a home, a family, and a predictable husband with a regular incom. In those days Dad earned his living as a writer specializing ~-n anythLng that would sell. He wrote pulp adventure for men~s magazines on the level of the ira~ian-Prince-who-saves-the-kingdom and later Dad often wrote that Scientology would save the world. He also ~rote westerrm, 6 science fiction (he was best-known for this), screen plays, and confession magazine stories as if he were a woman. He was capable of writing in so m~ny different styles that he told me on two occasions he wrote every. story in one magazine as if he were a different author. He wrote no outlines in advance, made no preparations, and he could ~a-ite a novelette in one night with no rewrites. It helped that he typed 97 words a minute which was a amazing since. he only used ~ fingers. Like most writers he went from rags to riches. There were periods of time that he made no money and we learned to live through the bad tinms and expected them when things were good. Both of them were heavy smokers and they would keep their cigarette butts in a Jar so .they could reroll them in rough timss. Bu~ what ~o caused fights was that there were times that he made money but didn't br~ it horns to us. I ramember when we were cold stone broke and Dad wrote a novelette for which he was to receive $2 500 from a publisher He went ~o pick up the money alone, but instead of bringing it back to us, he spent every d~e to buy a boat. Natur~] ~y there w~s a battle roy-~l when my mother dis- \ covered that we had no food in ~he house, bu~ instead we had a boat, which Dad had named the "~.L~gician". Dad spent a lo~ of time back and forth be~'~een Ne~ York and Los Angeles for his writing, and also left us to go on a few expeditions since he loved strange and exotic places. (He is member #99 of the Explorers Club which is eEremely had to get into.) As a result, he would pop in and out of our lives. He might stay one, three, sometimes even six months, but then he would go off again. So when I was 12 years old in 19~6, n~y mother sued h~m for divorce on the grounds of abandonment. The divorce was final in December, 19~7 but my father was an impatient man. He had met a woman nm~ed Sara in the mantim, so in August of 19A6, long before the first ~ivorce was granted, he m~ried her. My mother knew nothing about this, and neither did poor Sara. But Dad always liked to live dangerously, and once when he was visiting us~ he risked keeping Sara in a trailer in the ne~ to'~n, six zmiles away. She was unaware that Dad was visiting his wife and children, and probably thought it was his former wife and c'.~ld.-en as he no doubt had said. I only saw Sara on. that one occasion, althcugh I later met her daughter (my stepsister), another redhead (so am I) ~d~o iS the absolute spittin' image of Dad. Dad's marriage with Sara was also unhappy and lasted only a few years. It made a number of pap. ers when he divorced her, for by that t'Lms he had v~ritten his best-selling Dianetics book. He was therefore well enough known for the newspapers to reprint her juicy accusations that doctors had said that Dad was mentaJ!y disturbed, that he had beaten and tortured her while she was pregnant, and more. Today my father is married to his third ~dfe, ~L~ry Sue, whom he met at one of the early Dianetic Cer~ers in Witchita Kansas ~nile she was a student there. UD~ke his first two wives, she plays an active role and believes in what he is doing. Their four children are also Scientologists, ~ Dad's first two marriages are generally not discussed in Scientology. I think they've been an embarrassment to some of the Scientologists who have been questioned about it; since Scientology and Dianetics suppose ~dly makes m~'i~iages happier and more stable. But Scientologists have an explanation for his two unhappy marriages just as they have an answer everything. They say that the reason his first two marriages didn't work was that the wives weren't Scientologists or Dianeticians. That Dianetics (and Scientology) didn't exsit du~_ng his fLr~ rarriage is something they forget. One of the few things my father had in common with his first ~..~_fe, my mother, wa~ flyi~ng. She was one of the first fettle pilots and he was .an expert flyer. He even held' a glider record, although I ~'as never impressed with that accomplishmen~ for he had won it in typical Hubb~dis.~ fashion--the easy way. ir~tead of doing some%~ing standing, which he was cerCair!y capable of doing if he warmed ~o, he just kept circling the airport until he had stayed up longer than the current glider record and then he came down. it vas not an impressive feat. StiLl, I can understand why n~ mother was a~tracted to father although he was five years younger than she was. He was a good ioo~.ng redhead with a great deal of charm and charisma, and he could talk.' easLly on any subject whether or not he knew much of anything about it. He also had a fine singing voice and w~s on the radio a few times with Arthur Godfrey while he played his ukulele and sang. Even in his youth he had been cutstanding. I don't remember how old he was at the time but he was once the youngest Eagle Scout in the United States. He had achieved that in just one year, Joining the Boy Scouts on one birthday and becoming an Eagle Scout on the neE. Because of this, he met the President of the United States although he was not impressed. Years later, I read Dad~s notation of this event in his cb~ildhood diary, which said that shing hands with him was "like shaking hands with a dead fish." Oddly enough, my father has never publicly admitted to his glider record, singing "career", boy scout achievements, or meeting a Presiderf~. Instead, he has written "biographies" about himself in Scientolo~y magazines cl~m~ng that he was brou&ht up on a cattle ranch, traveled extensively throughout Asia as a youth, was a blood brother of the Pikuni Indians, friends with Calvin Coolidge's son as a child, the real ]~.~e model for "~. Roberrs:' and more, none of which is true. lO He has also been criticized for c3~ng academic degrees that he didn't have., for while he said that he had a B.S. and a Ph.D., he Slunked out of college and acquired one of his "Doctorates" ~rom an ~3~ eged "diploma ~" where he later allowed Scie~tology to be taught through people affiliated ~~th Dad. His followers are now trying to excuse ~m by saying 'n~ho ' s ~,"tho it. the Southwest" and others origin~ ~ y published such information by mi~ake, and that other writers then picked it up. But in the exmmple of '~o~s ~o" they say that h__e was the one who provided them with the (false) information they published Lu the first place. My father has always claimed that he started researching Dianetics in 1938, 12 years before he presented it, but the first time he said anything to me about it was in 19~7 when he told me that he w~s thinking of writing a book "on a. new mental science'~. (During that same conversation he also told me ~hat he w~s plannin~ to ~ry Sara aithou&~ I later learned that he had married her one year before.) The next time i heard of Dianetics ~s in April of 19~9 ~,~en n~ father c~l~ed me and mentioned that an article he was writing cn a subject c~ed Dianetics would shortly be coming out in Astoundin.~ Science Fi_jction magazine. I was always de3~ghted to see Dad's ~ and stories in print but I was very unimpressed with his latest creation. Later he sent me an expanded version of his theory, "D~netics: The' Modern Science of Mental Health" which bec~ue a best seller and i had the same reactiono It was extremely boring and i strongly doubted whether m~ father had really written ar4ything "scientific" as he had said. For Dad had always written only fiction to m~ k~wledge and this seemed to be Just more or the same. Furthermore, in his book, he c]~med to have tested and worked with hur, dreds of subjects before arriving at his extremely unique theories but that really wasn't Hubbardjan style. it seemed ranch m~re like to me that he had written tP,~s "science" off the top of his head as ! had seen him do in his other writings. A fe~ years later~ he verified m~ suspicions and told me that he had ~itten the book in three months. He also once showed me the house ~_n which he had written this best-sel!er, and it w~uld have been very hard for him to have used that sml! house in Bayhead.New Jersey as a research laboratory or an ana~yst~s type office. i was also suspicious of the little i read in that book since i felt that many of the ~'case studies" ~ere really embellishmsnts of his own experiences. The book had an uncomfortable ring of truth about it which seemed to reveal more about my father than the supposed people he studied. As I said, many of the men described in the book supposedly beat their pregnant ~ives, and with the exception of my father~ I donlt think that 's a very common occurrence. Then there was his abortion theory. So m~-ny of these people were supposed to have gotten engrams from attempted abortions (which m~ father c~~~ed "AA") that it's been a source of amusement to many knowledgeable people. One worth was supposed to have tried to abort hersel~ dturing one pregnancy ~th paste and lysol, by jumping down from a height, by having her husband sit on her stomach, and also by attempting it sturgicaiiy 22 ti~.as which sounds ~_ike a medici impossibility. But there was something ~n r.~ father's past that explains his obsession w~_th abortions. The fo~to'~ing incident happened in Bremerton Washington between Januart and September of 19 ,fi!, and the reason i can pinpoint dates is that I moved ~9 times by the tin~ I ':ras !9, and I have a list of each place I lived in and can relate inciderms to the location. One night wni!e we lived in that house in '.'Yashington, i remember being awakened in the middle. of one terrify~_.ng night by ~- mGher~s scres~rs coming from the bedroom across the way. I shuck out of ~ room, weed across to theirs, and peaked into the room since the door was slightly ajar. ~ the lights were out in ~he house but there was a small light on in that room. i saw r.~ mother ly~ng on her back r~.~ked on the bed and my father sitting on her sto.-.ach, facing her feet. He was dressed in a Chinese robe ~ith a multicolored (i ben_ieve black, red, green ar.d yellow) d~agon embroidered on the back of it. ! didn't really understand what was happening, but i was petrified and ran to my bedroom and Jumped back in bed trying not to think about the screams or what I had seen.. It quieted do'~n after a while, but then I heard more scre~ng and since I couldn't sleep, I snuck out again. When I peaked in that time, I saw that now there was also a man there with a black bag, who I ass~ was a Doctor, and he kept te~g my father that she had to be hospitalized. I still remember his exact ~rds; he kept saying that ~'it had to come out". But I also remember that my father kept arguing and insistLng that he would not let her go to a hospital. That 's ~ q I recall of this incident except that the ne~ day ~ saw sheets in the garbage can which had blood on them. ~'~en I was older, and had enough courage to admit to my mother that I had been watching that hight, and to ask her exactly what had happened, she told me that he had forced her to have t~^~ abortions during their marriage. Perhaps because some of the case studies Ln his book were tuncomfortably f~liar~ i put off reading all of "Dianetics: The ~dern Science of ~'~ntal Health" from cover to cover until 1955. (Ira 1950 it was on the best seller list for several weeks.) ! didn't see my father the year he was a best sellin~ author which wasn't unusual for me since I hadn't seen h~m since 19~7. Although we didn't get together again until 1951, one day in 1950 he called me and suggested that i should try some Dianetic "au~iti~g~'. This was the type of engram therapy that had been presented in his book. He offered to pay for my auditing ifiI would have it. From that moment fo~ard I have never had to pay for auditing. In fact, recently someone ~dthin his'organization said Dad was offering me all the auditing and tr~uing i wanted at no charge; Although at times m7 sister Katy has paid for her own Scientology auditing. It probably ~ras someone other than Dad making the offer on their o~n initiative. Dad us~]]y communicated ~.,ith ms about such matters directly. Regardless of the source I respectfully declined. His desire to give me as much Scientology "processing'~ and training as possible is understandable. During the years I was with b~m he told me many times he was personally grooming me to take his place. Could it be ~er all these years that he st~]] has the s~ desire? Only Dad knows. In any event, I would ag~in respectf ,~ully decline. The fact that he v.~anted me to be audited I took as a sign that he sincerely believed that his new "science" '~orked. If he didn't why should he e.~qoose me to it? He arranged for m7 first auditing to take place at a nearby Dianetic Center and he wanted it done under an assun~d ~name. It was a good idea, for by then my father ~s not just respected by Dianeticiarts, he was virtually worshippeal by m~ny of them. These people would have become totally shook up and incapable of wor~ing on my "case" if they knew who I really was. 15 Human nature being what it is, I eventually did reveal it to them, and the effect was disasterous. First they stared at ms as if they were looking at the son of a God. After that, the auditing sessions became stammering sessions and it was useless to continue. ~aybe that was for the best, for my father:s Dianetic auditing hadn't done very inch for anyway. To give just one example, Dianetic auditing was supposed to help people to see better, and we worked on this since I had poor eyesight and needed to wear my glasses ~ the time,-which I still do. Through Dianetic auditing they tried to get me to remove my glasses, but ~en I did so, I g~t migraine headaches. So despite Dianetics, I had to continus to wear my glasses secretly to keep from upsetting my father. He didn't want others to see that Dianetics and Scicntology hadn't Lmproved my eyesight as he had claimed it could for everyone else. I didn't wear them in public until after I l&ft Scientolog/. Another reason my auditing ~- '~ have any grsat results-for me ~as that I was only audited on some t~_~ngs. ,~ father had specifically lei~ instructions for me to be audited on my mother, ~ich leads me now to believe that he may have had ms audited not only to help me with my emotional problem, but to absolve b~m in r~f mind of any responsibility for them. He always said that my problems had all been my mother 's fault. Only as I get older now do I realize he was highly contributory toward them. In 1951 Dad came to m~ grandfathers winter home ~ere I was staying in Ph'oeni~ with his third wife, ~.~2-y Sue, and spoke to me about the possib~ ~ty of working on DLanetics with b_im. The idea thrilled the hell out of me. 'Here ~ father had ignored me all these years, and now suddenly he wanted me to work with him. Even though we had spent so little of my youth together, in my eyes he was 12 feet t~t~ and glowed in the dark. I desperately wanted to be equal to. him, worthy of ~m, and do anything to please him. I believed he-was tremendous and as a teenager I was also impressed that he was famous and knew other famous people as well. Through his science fiction ~ritir4, he knew writers like A.F.. Van Vogt, Robe.~t Heinlein, etc. Through Dianetics, and by virtue of becoming a best-selling author~ he had met many famous actors and actresses and had even audited a few. I was a teenager with a ter-~ible infe.~iority complex, maybe because I had been constantly shunted back and forth between my mother and grandfather which could have made me feel unwanted. It didn't help ar~y that i had seen n~ father so little, but I ascribed no blame to b~m for this and I absolutel~v worshipped b~m and believed that he could do no wrong. He wanted ms to return to the Pacific Noahwest with ~y grandparents to finish my junior year of high school. Education was very important to him; at least for his children. He sealed the bargaLn and reestablished our relationship by giv~-ng ~s a fabulous present, a 19~7 Buick and ~lCO for gas. That especially delighted ms because he had forgotten so many of my birthday and Christmas presents before that. Before he and Mary Sue left he said he would keep in touch to let me know where to met ~him. After several letters I arranged to meet him in Phoenix Arizona in August of 19~2: Not knowing that Dianetics had changed into Scientology and not aware of the plans my father had for me. I was quickly to find-out. Within a few short weeks I became the head of the newly formed "Hubbard College" as Director of Traia~ng and Chief Instructor. I started living with my father at his home. I was being ps~ $50 a week, which wasn't bad for 1952. I gained Lnstant respect from students and preclears and more imports_ntly; i was one with my father at last. I was burs%ing with pride. After ~ ], I was only an 18 year old kid who hadn't even finished high school yet. For years I had been in a continual emotional turmoil, with poor marks in school and few friends. Suddenly I had become an instant Kxpert. An expert with power. it was pure ecstasy. As usual, v~nile in Scientology, I was never a student; publicly t~-t is. Always the inst~-uctor. Every Scientolog~ course I was involved in I Just sort of learned the material as I went along. But when Dad and I were alone together I was his most apt an~ attentive pupil, on how to build and run organizations and h~ to handle people. lS When I first arrived in PhoenLx the only organization we had was "The 'Office of L. Ron Hubbard" q~tered in a s~11 one room b~ ding on Central Avenue with a staff of one. This quickly changed and the "Hubbard Association of Scientologists, Inc." was created. I became a stockholder and was elected to the board of directors. Which happily added further Laurels to my crown. A state of affaj_rs for me that was to continue for o many. years. While Dad had been involved in three previous Dianetic Foundations which had f~]ed for one reason or another the H.A.S. was the beginning of the highly comple~x and to some, confusing urlverse of Scientology that exists today. To some it might even look like an Alice-inj~orfierland ttu~ned upside down and wrong side out. it probably doesn't bother too m~ny present day Scientolo~sts. The~ have had to develop gocl maze brightness. Dad and l.~ry Sue went to England in September 1952 to expand our organizations there. I .stayed in Phoenix and was, in effect, Scientology in the U.S.A. Things were going beautifully on all fronts. But in December of 1952 I went to Philadelphia to attend a lecture series on Scientology given by my father and a couple of unpleasant incidents happened there. Before I got to Philadelphia, there had been some bankruptcy problems in Dad's Witchita Dianetic Center. As a result, in 19 the middle of a lecture, U.S. ~.~rshalls stormed into our Philadelphia hall in order to serve a subpoena on ~y father. The lecture b~ll was f~]]ed with about 35 or ~0 people including a man I'Ll call Joe. He was about 6'~", weighed 280 potunds, and although he was missing one band which he had deliberately cut off to stay out of World ~,'Jar LI, he was a very tough and thI'eatening loold_ng fellow. Like mmny Scientologists, he was absol. utely tot~lly devoted to n~ father and Dad didn't seem to mind that Joe earned his living as a loan shark. Joe:s favorite expression when he didn:t ~-~.ke what someone was doing or when they di~.'t make loan pay- ments was to say "i'm going to go have a conversation with him~'. There 's not.king wrong '~ith that, but when Joe said it ~ it really meant that he was going to beat the person up, Joe wasn't going to allow any =arsh^n~!ls to make my father look bad even if they were a.~r. ed ~i be] ]~. gerent. He bravely (and foolishly) shoved one of the marshalis and a fi&ht sta~ed in ~ich people were thrown arotund and ~ocked down the staL~s. Dad realized the futility of - such a fight, especially when the mrsha]]~ drew their guru, and he quieted every'one dc.m. I thir3< the upshoL was that tFsy firally served Dad and he had to put up a $5,0OO bond. The v~tole incident was very humiliating to him. He did not like to be pushed around, especi~3y pub- licly, and it may have effected his decision to r~%ke Sciento!ogy a reli- gion and less vulnerable to the law. But more about that later. 2O During this same period of time, Dad also had problems ~dthin the organization which the same Joe solved in a unique runner. An oversized woman I'll call S~]!y, and he~ boyfriend (who was half her height and lO years .her junior) had set up that Philadelphia Center and had been ver/ successful with it. it has always been my father 's policy to take over any franchise that was firmly established and doing well, but then the opposite happened. S~]]y and her little boyfriend tried to take over the Philadelphia office from him. Forcing him to set up mother center in Camden New Jersey using his Arizona H.A.S. corporation. She t.~_sd to squeeze my father out of his ovm organization and g~n control of Scientology U.S. She wouldn't give n~ father the 10% he us~]]y took in from his franchises or any portion of the money she collected, plus his tapes, books and facilities which were certainly due to b~m. i don't think she was just tryi~ to take over for nothing, but I t~Znk she envisioned herself as my father's manager and would have li'~d to have bought him out for 3 cents if 'she could. Dad was natur~,] ]y frustrated over the whole situation ar~ he told me to s.oeak to Joe and tell b~m what was happenLng. I re ~alized the implication of this but I had absolute loyalty toward my father. I followed his instructions and joe 'promised to "go and have a conversation" with Sally. When we were a]] seated around the ~nner table hours later~ Joe came over and told us to look outside in his car. It was filled with Dad's books and tapes as well as S~y~s secret accounting records. Joe was laughing his head off as he told us that S~y:s boyfriend and helped b~ to load his car. The next day, or maybe it was two days later, S~]]y and her boyfriend came over to see my father at the CAmden Center and the minute she walked in, you could tell from her face that she had been "having a conversation". She meekly signed cardS, checks, quick claim deeds, resignation as director and various papers that turned the Pbi] adelphia Center over to my father. Then Sally and her boyfriend left like beaten dogs, and I never saw them ag~-n. Years later I saw an adver~isemsnt in a Scientologf magazine for a Scientolo~y center which was being run by the same S~~]y again. it is not uncommon for people '~no 'leave Scientology involuntarily to co,ms back during one of their "amnestysz'. As Lf he were a King, on my father*s birthday (and other occasions) he has ~-rated amnesty to those who have been .kicked out of Scientology. it 's re~.]]y not quite as magna~nimous or forgiving as it seems on his part for those who have hsen kicked out us~]]y have to take Scientology courses and processing to get back in. Naturally it costs them money and of course earns S›ientolo~oy some. But it never ceases to amaze ms how people like Sally take advantage of this amnesty to crawl back to those who have kicked them. It's not just Sally for I've seen it happen often. I don't know whether their returning to Scientology shows my father's compassion in taking them back in, or their foolishness or masochism that they want to come back after they've been so badly treated. I don't think people are physic~]]y beaten up any more, but they certainly are verb~]]y. When someone in Scientology is kicked out, papers are circulated about them accusing them of "crimes" ~hi~h tend to be Scientological (e.g. saying something against L. Ron Hubbard), although sometimes it ' s even criminal. One couple was accused of black~..~ ] ~ ng people, although I have met them and am certain the accusations are unfounded. To digress for a moment~ it is o~en asked whether people have been bLaclsnailed in Scientolog7 since so much of their personal ]~fe is revealed in their auditing sessions. When i was there the direct answer was "no" but there was open use oi the files whid~ contained ~-]] of the people's records. These files were open to alEst anyone in the organization, including nXY father, were not locked, or stamped "confidential". They said what processes were run, what the meter said, and what the person said. While the first and second were probably u~4mpo~-tant, the third wasn't and it was sometimes used to get people back into Scientology who had left or to get them to pay their bills. It was also used to scare people as well they threatened to turn people 's f~es over to the police if they didn't straighten things out. In the first few years after my father turned his ~est-se~l~ ng book into a business, he made three major changes in the operation which still effect the movement today: He changed Dianetics into Scientology, he made it a religion, and he added the E-meter. ~'~st people think Dianetics became Scientolog7 because va~_ous agencies and influential people had spoken out against Dianetics. Changing its name would change its ~m~ge and divorce itself from the ~.gned group. 'That may be true, but it was not the main reason. The-real reason was that Dad's third center in Witchira had been set up by an earl~ Dianeticianist named Don G. Purcell who sc~.ehow got ~/father to se~ ~ the rights to "Dianetics: The l.Iodern Science of l{ental Health". Not only did Purcell buy the rights to n~- father's book~ but ~also the right to use the name "Dianetics", although it had been ~ father's ~tritings and theories that had made the nar. e "Dianetics" ~'o~h something. Still once my father ' sold out, he couldn ' t use it. As a result, wbile keeping mo~ of the theories, Dad changed the name to "Scientology" or "the science of kno~_ng", which he 'oorrowed (without mentioning that) from the German p~hilosopher Nordenholtz. It was only in 1955 when Dad completed various litigation problems ~-~ith the ,,~cz~m~a Center and he was able to get back the rights to his book, and the name "Dianetics". Even though he had continued to use Dianetics regardless of its legal s~atus. ht by that time, Scientology had built up a huge active followings far greater than Dia.netics had, and was so known it didn't pay for b~.m to drop that r~-me. Plus Sciento!o~y gave him a wider range oœ creative a.~.d investigative ex~.ression. He didn't want to lose the Dia~ne~ics belle;~ers either .so he began promotion both by marrying them so to speai~. Today the name they generally use (and call th›..nse!ves in public) is Scientology. St~.]] i have read that when Scientoiogy began to be dis- ~-~e S when credited, as haooened for e'xamo!e in the ~ '60' were barred f.~om ~ntering England and the Ooverr~.~nt decided to star-~ an inquiry on Sciento!og,~, the _~mbers beg~n ca~]~'~ the ~vement Dia_netics again. I have always found it interesting that r~f father turned ScientologZ.~ into a religion, for i had never lco~,..~ him to be a re _!~gicus Church or even talk of God. But in the winter of 1953 he had a La~yer look into religion as a corporate s~ruc~ure. He may have been tbir~ng about such a move œor ~.aite a while. He had experienced man~ø difficulties with the business end of Diane~ics s~nd Scientologf. There were the taxes, ~'~' ' , the harassment ~mn r~_s opinion) by U ú ~ ' ' ' ~.~arshalis the ~.mch~ta bankruptcy, ú ú in Philadelphia, the denunciaLion by the American Psychological Association and the ~tmerics.n '~:~dical Association claimed that he was practicing medicine without a lice?~e since Dianetics had claimed to cure just about everJ one of F~zn's ills. In all fairness to r~ faZher, Scientology v~as be~nning to address the being more and more, but ! believe that the gro'~ing spiritual side of Sci.entology was defi~2.tely secondary. What I think really interested Dad (and i said this when i testified for the Ooverm~ment in their case agains~ Scientology in ~.'jashin~on, D.C., for taxes) was that calling his g.~oup a re~_igion gave him more latitude in regard to corporate str~cture, fade it harder for people arj groups to ~ry to get him to curb k~s aching_ties e~nd gave him tax exer.~ption. Scientolo~j has be~n hav~ng some problems on ~l'.~s las~ point, for ~vhLle they are tax free ~as a religion) rigb. t now, the interr~al Revenue Ser~ce won their ccntention that the Founcir~ Church of Scientolo~ in Washington, D.C. mus~ pa~ tay. es. In court, the~~ proved ~ha~ ~rom l~56- tha~ group :~de almost ~800,~0, ~nd orovided him ~..ith his ~ ar.d 1959, . car. The Scientologists a~e still appe~]~ng this (after losing t~ice) m~d are at the Supre:he Co~ level. I ima~y_ne they will loss ~here (if the Supreme Court even agrees to review it) for while '~mericans are very liberal about ~:hat can call i~seif a religicn, they are not so easy-goin-~ when' it comes to ~'hat g.~oups don't have to pay taxes. if Scie:~olo~~ Loses again, tax actions wi~_! probably be started against them in other parts of the country. Dad probably foresaw none of these troubles on December 18, 1953 when ~f wife, other Scientolo~_sts and i offici~-]]y signed the incorporation papers for the "Chuurch of '~merican Science", which became the parent religious corporation. At the ~a~,,e tL~,,e, we signed incorporation papers for two other Sciento!ogy churchs. Such a move was not unusual for my father, for over the years he has used a numoer of dii~ferent ""~ ~ Scientoio~ was s~zoosed to be relatively sLmple, corporate r. ames. ,,,..~._~ .. his corporate stmctuu~o and organizations were complex. For example, there was Hubbard College, Orgar, izations of linerlea, Scientoiogy Consultats for industrial Efficiency, National Academy for imerican Psycholo~ and others. Although I signed those first Church it. corporation pa.oe~rs, it probably was ~ile~al for me to do so because I was only 19 years old. Another i.nr. ovation in early Di~_netics and later, Scientoiogy ~,.tich is now cracial to their processing or auditing was the intro=uction in the early '50's of a gadEet called an "E-meterl'. it's a relatively small rectangular box ;.,~ith a me~er face and some controls, v~ith two soup cans (empty ann without the labels) attached to it by a pair of '~ires. The person bcing audited held one of the cans in each Duri~lg the early da~ all sorts of gadgets were used to comnect up the guy: Finger stalls, .~ngs, '~-~rist straps, foot pace am even sponges. 27 But alas~ soup and sometimes vegetable juice cans were preferred by Dad~ and so be it. This meter supposedly re~_sters thought above and below the conscious level and "reads" the "charge" (like a storage battery) in incidents and occurences that have happened in the spk-it~ mind and body of a person. The E-meter is really only a jazzed up galvanometer and is based on a balanced Viheatstone bridge (which measures d~ ~ferential resistance in an electric current ). Within Scientolog~ practice and philosophy the I'E-meter" litera!l~f tells the auditor what is finside the pro-clear, that is; where the road blocks are to his path of Total Freedom. Additio.~.~] ]y the meter indicates what technicue to use and the auaitor can tell the pro-clear what Pis state of beinghess is: The net result is that the E-meter is the guldin~ light; (or should i say am~iding nee.~le) the contro]]~,ng and dictatL~ hea.~t o~ Scientolo~- orocessir~g. The E-meter in realliD: te~__~s Ooth the - auditor and pro-clear where they have gone~ v,~.ere they are at and v,~ere ~hey are going. Sciento!o,lv c!air. s to be ':scientific" and ff this is so they must be trying to remove the h~v~n error by letting a .~achine I'te!l them soI'. I think George Or~eil's "Big Brother" would have been proud. The E-meter '~,'as invented by a chiropractor n-~r, ed Von_ney l.,~thison who told him about it after hearing my father lecture one day. -~Lathison 28 said to ,vy father that he believed engrams ,.might have charges which could be measured by his machine. At first~ P4r father wanted nothing to do ~_th it and called l.f~5i~son a "scuirrel" an old Scientologicai term mearing a person :,to is not using Dad's standard tecluniques. -~lthison refused to be discouraged so easily. He began secretly showing it to Dianeticians who tried i~ liked it, end incorporated -it into their auditing session. it was typical of Dad that he wouidr.'t accept it tuntil it bec~?.s~ popular, and then he changed his mind. The original meters called "I.kthison Electropsychometers" ra~ngeing from a battery onerated "Cfdiz l.ieter" costing -~2~ o~. This meter was not intended for use by professional auditors, but was recor.mcnded for beginners~ so!_~ processing experim~ents ~ etc. In t~e ..midde was his "~'~-~ ~'~" ,. ..~,~-..-~=~ at 0~8.50 (later ~35.00) ar.d -~ the top was the Professional i.icde! ~l~H-SD-DS at Q98.50 in--e- -'~ ' . There were a few experi_~.ental models costing up to .~i,CO0 that did ú su~ h'~r.d the auditor a .._..uo~t~ _ ._, .~ evcrD~hmng' '~ '~-~" Li:ints flash~ bells ran~ buzzers :,~'e:;t off and four dials :-~_th s:..~_ngi:~i needles supposediy indicated a variety of responses. ~ of course all of this v:as attacb. ed to the s~,v,e 'o! pair of soup cans. I don't believe too many of i-~thison's "ultimate" models were sold. It was expensive but the main reason auditors didn't use then ~,,:as that it presented an a~..~esome s~d ,generally int',mmidating sight to their pro-clears and had too n~ny ~,ierd sour. ds that 29 went off at odd times which interrupted the auditir4 session. l".ost auditcrs preferred ~.~:~athison's ~98,50 model. After ~]], it was the one Dad used himself and the instnlction book was only ~;~1,80. Like many people, Voiney r.~ust have thought you can alv:ays hake a good thing better, He sure kept trD~_ng, If he had had his way the poor auditors of the day would have had to use a movir. g van filled v.ith e!ectronic gear. This disturbed Dad, but I don't think the main problem was with the E-meter or Voiney's enthusiasm but the financial arranger. onto bet',.~een xYoiney s2~d hLr. seif, You see, Matbison had invented and patented the meter, He wouldn't sell the rights ~o him, only give Dad a percentage and sell him the meters at a discount, .~'Jhile we were i~n Camden Low Jersey Dad decided to put out his o~.m version of the ~L-meter for ~79,50. ! don't l~now ~.:hy but the project had barely gotten ,ur. der,~ay when suddenly we weren't selling E-meters anyy. nore; maEte Vohcy got mad, Soon aœter~ Dad pronoud~ced the "E-meter" obsolete because of newly discovered advanced techniques that didn't require the E-meter an~,-r. ore. According to Dad the techniques ~.,'cre far superior than arjtning he had created before (~.~hich was a routine state.-..ent for him), Naturally our mer~ers had to come in for additional traix~_i~ng to keep up to date: We di~ our best to refer people to and recommend only those auditors who haU the latest ScientoiogY tech~iques to apply. ','je wanted 3o only the best for our fellow man. Several months wer. t by before Dad had another go at E-meters: Vie had become a religion by then and moved to :~'iashington D.C. He had two Scientologls~s versed Lu elect~or~dcs create a s~_ler battery powered model. It cost, I believe, ~79.50 retail and it operated pretty much the same. The apparent ~main difference was that instead cf only offering it in black as l,~thiscn had, we could give a choice of red or bhe psLnt finish. (Dad and i used the blue model.) I 're never h~o~m very much about electronics but their newes~ model seems to me to do the same as the old ones. Even though they seem to be more sensitive and sophisticated. It now costs ~136.O0 (net to me~oers) probably due to the fs~ncier case surrou-n~ding it. Since the Food and Drug Administration was a little upset about the meter an~egedly bein~ used for diagnostic purposes. it is now a confessional aid and persons buying them sign a statement delineating its purpose and use: it's still the ='Z-meter. I ,.-us~ admit that I wasn't surprised at all when i learned ~ha~ accordLng to the U.S. "-~!ationa! Bureau of Startdee'de the present E-meter is ne.~ to :,:orthiess. After all, I had be~n around the gadgets a long time. The E-me~er wasn't ~he only thing that didn't work the way it was supposed to. Sciento!ogJ was supposed to n~sZ~e you œree and happy, ye~ 31 i have seen it cause physica!, emotional, and especially financial deterioration stcr,~ming partially from a lack of sleep~ ~ich is sometimes enforced on Sciento!ogists as punishment, cog. 2~ hours ~ithout sleep for a certain offense. (And yet their literature talks of sleepi~ng well, eating~ etc:) Physical neglect also comes from the tremendous pressure of their courses and the time they spend on 3cientology. The "Sea Org" persoD_nei, or the people who st.ay with ry faLher on the Apollo as his guard and crew, (Dad also uses them to enforce his policies v~thi.n his ,r~ny world ~_dc organizations. ) ',,~ork a routine ~ hours a day and are e.~.ected to work longer Lf necessar/for ~0 a week or less at tfir. es; even thoug~ their expenses are reportedly paid. Their low pay scale and the s_mourft of money that goes to Sciento!og~, may also cut it. to their food budgeto Neglect of the body ',,~as also a natural ff ',~.-,i:%entiona! res~ult of one of Sciento!o~:gy's r.a~j goals which in effect strives to reduce the physical body and envi.~or~.ent to a mere level ar.d to e~.pand the spirit towards irffinityo it 's easy to forget to feed a body vrhen you're trying to feed a spirit. As for emotional deterioration, tltis has always been a very sore point ~.,ith the Sciento!ogists. They ir. sist that Sciento!ogy has never caused a.~Jone to crack up, ,~hich may be tz~ae. But it ~..~u!d be futile for them to der(f that people have not gone off the deep end while render- going Sciento!o~- audltin~g. (Of course the s,~.~.~ is trae for people u~ndergoing psychotherapy, psychoar. alysis, etc.) To give just one recent example, there is a wonderful s~d œascir, atlng n~:~ book can_!~ed "Inside Scientoio~l-": ~'~ich gives the reader an ezce~ent idea why people ~.~o~!d join Sci~toio~ ~nd ~nat really goes on ~ there. Robert ~an, the author desc~_bes secret Scientolo~ auiti~ ~ith the '~meter inc!u.ing one level in ~.~ch he ~,'as ~pposed ~ get rid the spirits (ciied "the~ar~") ~bich were supposety r~ir~ ~ok tk-ough his body. ',j~!e undergoing this ordeal, ~l~icb. he describes ~ fr~hteniM ~et~i, he ended up in a merf~a! i~titution for ~ shoz't ~'jhen I was h Sciento!o~, i iso occasiorz~y sa~.~ people ~ho seemed to just go nuts ~ring tb~ ~iting ~ trai~n~S sessions r~ out of the ccn~ers screwing wiliy. We woid ~.~ays bring them back to the "org" as the Sci~ology org~zation is ci!ed, a~ m~ke them con- tinue on because ~e belie~ed that the road out ~as the ~ad ~ ~ ..... ~ (That rneant that t~.e process that got the person into ~i~e ifficities had to be used to get tb~e~. o~t of it. ) ~"ing one of the rany ~dvanced C~rici Courses (~'~.C.C.) i taught in ~,'jashin~on D.C. a studer, t foug~ his ~vay out of the school ~d r~ the several blocks to his apa~ment, ye]]~,ng "Help police" a]] the 33 way. By the time I arrived he had locked himself in. I weighed 250 pounds at the time and it was fairly easy to break the door do'~n with a healthy kick. He tried to jump out his second story '~indow but I was able to collar ham and drag him back to class. Needless to say, he finished the course~ as many before and after did. Out of ~he hundreds of students i person~-]~y trai~ned only a few "blew" or "rabbited" a course: Just enough ~o add a ]~ttle spice to a sometimes d~]! and routine day. I'll admit a few of these people were psycho to be~_n with: We tried to screen most of them out because they were more trouble than they were worth. ~y fool around ~_th a bur. oh of nuts when it was so easy to recr~it nor~l people. But being hu_nan~ discrep~ncies bet~.~een v~nat Scientoloyy actus!ly practiced and wha~ they preached crept Ln occasior~]]y. father always cla~__ned not to take in psychotics, people who had undergone shock treatment, or had becn instiu~ionalized. But he did t~e some in, and claLm~ed he was just doing it for "research". Because of the vast voltaran of his v.~itLngs some of his research into psychotics found its way into print and distri~utcd to b_~s foLlo~...~ers for their use: :'Hand!i~ the-Psychotic" in the "Di~netic Auditors (D.A.B.) Dece~Zoer 1950 and in 1953 he included a specific step in how to audit psychotics in "Standard Opera~ir~ P:~0cedure 8" (S.O.P. 8). 3~ "Step VII-Psychotic Cases (~,',~ether :Lr, or out of body)" to further quote, "The psychotic appears to be in such desperate. straits that the auditor often errs in thisldng doperate measures are necessary, Use the lighteat possible metl~ods---Do net run en.~-ans---if he has been given shock, do not process it or any other brutality, ~,'iork him for very brief periods, for his attention span is short, Al:.~ays work psychotics '~ith another auditor or a compaaion present," (From issue 16-O, page ~ of the r~agazine "Scientology", ) Dad has al~..~ays tried to find faster ways to "ran out charge" and to reach the goal of Clear '~_th greater rapidity, In mid 1952 he began e~erL~,enteng ~.~th what he tentatively called a "Theta ClearLag Suit", ~t~ich he hoped ~.~culd d,-an off the "excessive charge" in the of the mind), T~:e suit was made up of several tin cans, (here comes super soup again: ) connected to copper screerir~; a~-I attached to an iron pipe in the ground by '~,ires, The car.-~ were placed in direct contact '~th the neck, hands and k.~ees ~.ath ti~c screen on his bare fce~, ~:Ord somehow leaked out tha% Dad }~as ~orki_ng on a suit ~..~hich would bring hi&h speed and effortless Clearing, The ramors sp~ead like '~.ldfire and because very persistant. Fis-u_-es for its cos% ranged as hi&h as ~5,OCO were through around. During the r~e~t o~ ~bis ~ ~ there apr~ared in our Pho~-ni-~ Org a m~_n ~ho cl~ed he ~.~as a Scien~olo~_st from ~he =id~esz. He was about 35 35 admitted that he had had dozens and dozens of shock treatments and had been institutionalized tv~ice over an extended period of time. That he was obviously very disturbed was apparent at the Org for he ~ent ir~o psychotic rages and broke t,kings and attacked the others. ~"iorse he found out where we lived and came out to our house one ,night and pounded on the door llke Atilia the ~iun. This gave us the chance to put the ':Theta Clear Suit" to the test. ~,'.% wrapped hLm in the copper and cans to get the charge off of hi_m~ which may have been as sick as he was, but it was experimental after ~] ]. It took a lot of convincing but ;~e managed to quiet him do~--for a ~.~hile. He escaped out of the bedroom ~dndow in the r~iddle of the ,night. The last sight ;'e had of hLm ;~as as a dark figure rtu~ing across the moonlit desert tr"=~.ILng his "Theta Cle~ing Sui+ :' behind Dad gave up the idea as having very debatable value. By the way: we :..~ere only out ~3.00 in ~materiais and ~.~e ~id ge~ one psycho to leave Another youn.~ girl ~-~no ~..~as processed in %he P~oeni.x~ Arizona group also beg-~. to crack up and live in one of the past lives that ~he '3-n:.eter convinced her she had had She sat around i~ a yoga position fac~~. the waL!: being one v~th C~d all day :,,:hiie speaP_~ng absolute ~bberish that sou~nded like ]~artian Lan~uage. Things ~-~eren:t so bad when. she was like that, but she was also in the habit of stripping hcr clothes off and 36 runring out into the street at right to f~_r.d God when she felt she was losing contact '~ith VIe moved her under guard ~.to a small house in the desert but one night she whacked her keeper over the head and went ru~ through the desert naked. We mobilized about !O of us to fir. d her~ and we told the Deputy Sheriffs who had responded to the ca!i of a rancher who had seen her running naked threu~h 3nis ranch, that i was Dro Hubbard and that would return her to our "hospitai~" in Phoer_ix. We cs]led her parents, who were Sciento!oEists and told them that the reason she had gone off the deep end was that she hadn't run the Scientology processes caref~,~] ly and to take her home---fast ~. ~,'~hich they did. When someome cracks up today~ they don't ,use the te.~., "emotionally dis~ur~ed" or s.~- of its well ~own euphemisms. In keep- ~ng with ~ fa~her's practice of inventing new ~rds (Sciento!ogists have had to publish a dictior~.ry to e.~lain a] ! of them), ~hcy call them "P.T.S.Iii" wt~ich means Potential T~ubie Sources, Third Level. ,.ike the girl ~ n Phoenix ~ '~ vI sø ~ ~ ] _ ~. , ~,,% re ~___ watched so that they don't harm ther:~- selves, and also so they won't harm Scientolo~-T~'. Scientoiogists don't want ~o ..~.ve people ideas that they take in emotionally disturbed people or that people ever have arj emotional problurs while ts~ing thei. courses. But if the first happens and somebody disturbed gets in they always say that they didn't [mow about their Sackground before they joined Scientoiogy, and if the second occurs and someone behaves bizarre!y "on course", they say that some other "third party" than Scientology led to their crackup. In fact r,~f father loves to create ne:'.~ words so much that Ln !952 he bestowed the honorary certificate of "Yello~.,'ship of Scientoiogy" on Count Alfred Korzy0sld for his development of General Se..-~2.ntics. The' financial deterioration caused by Sciento!ogy is legendary. I rece.ntly saw a price z_ist from the Los .Angeles Organization which showed that it cost at least ~8,COO to reach the top levels. And that fee did not include a lot of er..~ras that they have to pay for. I ~-]so recently heard of someone fin England ~..'ho soer. t (~,90 GO0 on Scientolo~~ but the most i ever saw s~-O-one spend in one lump s~v. was ~25,000. For that price, we guaranteed hLv, that he would go all the way to the top ar.d beco:~ what's ca!~!ed an Operating '-,.~n. He never rnde ~ even after hundreds of hours of auditing by four peop!c plus r~se!f. I don't k. now why he ever wanted to. He was just a pleasant fellow, bored ~..~ith life and i don't think tiiere ~...~as anything really ~.arong ~.,~_th h~.~. it 's just that he had too much money and diln't kdno:-~ what to do with it. .'.e took care of that. In the old days, whenever Dad wanted to r..ake some m~re money (as if he didn't have enough from the courses, books, "Z-meters, extra training, etc.,) he used to set up special 3ciento!ogy l'congresses". He would make these Congresses a corporation or soporate unit which wou!~d hire him for a lecture fee of up to ::;5,000 for a few ho'~rs of work plus expenses. The Congresses cost from '~55 single to '.~75 per couple depending on discount, and in one th-ee day Weekend alone, he made "~iOO~OOO. received about ~::1~OO for my v:ork during those three days, which was the largest payu~ent received by anyone other that Dad. l..-'oney was always important to m~r father. :,'jhi!e now i think he 's in Scientology for nu~ny other reasons too, in those days i believe he was in it mostly for the money and power it gave him. He was obsessed vdth cash and never used credit cards to ~r,y '~-nowledge or put his money in batiks (where it co~[Ld be attached) except where it was absolutely necessary for busi:~.ess. He always kept enough cash on hL.n persona~-i~ so that he could ;.~a!k cut of an office, get into a ta~zL and go off anyplace. He also kep~ a !o~ of money around ~he house and I found a shoebox once ~/nich v;as fiLk~ed wi~h '20 ' s and ~ 50 ~ s an~ i counted up ,~25 it a]] back Dad. ~ Today he's rumo:-ed to have 23 million thir_k a more accm~a=e fig'sre ~..~ou!d De aOo~_'t 7 million. Sciento!o~sts all believe that this money c~=me from his wriLings in the days before Diane%ics~ and =hey often boast that Dad was a prolific and successful ~n-iter in thosc days, although I t~Lnk most of them are underst~dab4- m~comJorr, abie that Dad' s science ;›as f~_rst presented to the general public ~_n a science fiction magazine. They are right that Dad did make some n~oney before Dianetics~ but it was hardy ar~rthing remotely reser~iing his alleged acc'~-u!ated wealth today. Fu-~ther~,ore~ as i said earlier, in those early days, Dad was not the k~'nd to stash his money away in banks and save it. He would spend it as fast as he got it. ScientoioEists also believe that whatever money Dad has made cn Dianetics and Scien5o!o~ (generally 1C~ from each group) he would put back in for research. Dad has even stated that Scientology owes him money from his o~n cash that he says he's put into it. (~;jhere did he get that ~ro~.?) But I never saw h~m do any extensive or expensive research during the !0 years that Scientoiog~~ and Dianetics were being formulated and "researche~I'. The main "testing" I saw .~ do was on his fa~i!y, and he certa~_-iy di~in't pay us for that. But i don't think it's the money that keeps him in Scientolo~Ty now. He is totally dedicated to his stated goals. i think he completely believes in h~_-.~elff, '...~hat he 's doing, and wi~ere he's going. i also don~t thir3c he lets arOzhing get in the way of ;.:hat he wants. He has alwaysdone thinEs b~is o~m way because Dad has .~-ways recognized only one .His o~m. (He was tremendously impressed with ~'ieister Crow!ey~ the English ..~Dszic, who '~rone "Do as thou will: that is the whole of the law". ) That he does as he wants ~-.~as obvious way back when he wanted to get married to b2. s second v~ife but ~..~as sti~__l~ r-=rried to his first. He did it an~.~ayo I ~ ~ ~ ~'~e'~' ~h.m~ that my ~-~,. ~ is very happy on his conv~ed catt!~ boat in the 1-~ter~ean where he is surro~ded by ~a~.~ng Scientologists~ He has ~ways loved s~iing and ships ~nd has given "Comodore" o~ ~s ~ F~hermore, ~ke most o~ ~, he's ~ways ~ked being ad~ated ~d he has thousands and thous~ds this world ~ter~- wors~pphg h~n. (I doubt ~ Sciento!o~ has the '~ons ~nd ~ons o~ ~ers they ~i~es abou~ me~ership wb~i~h were mu~h higher ~h~n ~hey re~]]y were.] He believes that he is sa~_ng the wo~d ~d Dad ~s wri~ten~ ~nd I he t~ ~e!ieves, that he, ie Sciento!o~ has the ~s~.~e= tc everything ~d an~hing h in order to bo~eve that~ he has had to close his eyes to ~J negative ~hings ~ha~ have happened which mad~ ~e~*~e and some~.~s nega~ive!y effective on the is not always so ....... person. He has e~!~ned i~ away Sy sa~_ng tha~ ar~hin~ negative happenrig in Sci~n~o!o~~ was someone eise's fa~t, ~.jni!~ of copse a~thing positive he a~tribu~ed ~o hi~e~. ~ persona~y hav~ never heard ~ a~lt he 's ~.~-oag or apoio~ze for a~J action. instead, he wo~d attribute ~sasters to t~.'~o t~gs. The ~i~s~ was bad or ~n~o~lete a~di~ing, in o~her words, it was the fa~t of others who ~.~re unable to "duph- cate" his processes caref~t]y and f~]]y. But suppose they were dup]_icating "Standard Tech" ey~act!y and it wasn't working or people were hav~:g very bad reactions? Then Dad wodd say that there was a t~d party responsible for the iffic-ities. This outside agent m~t be the general endrodent, but usu-~y it was ~nother person ~..to had somethi~ to do ~ith the one havir~ ~4-~4~,n+~ But it'was never ever L. Ron H~bard. The e~fect o~ b!~ng things on others has ied to one o~ the ~st ~sconoerting ~nd deplorable ~pects of Scientolo~ which h~ been critioized bZ some forcign goverr~ents: the ~,.~ay Sciento!o~ breaks up ~!~ Of course some of these brea~ps come about ~tentior~ly. ~,,- es. Scicn5olo~ t~